Glaucoma is a disease that destroys the optic nerve of the eye. It deteriorates with time. It is frequently associated with a buildup of pressure inside the eye. Glaucoma is a condition that runs in families. Typically, you do not get it until later in life.
Increased pressure within the eye, referred to as intraocular pressure, can cause damage to the optic nerve, which transmits pictures to the brain. Glaucoma, if left untreated, can result in irreversible vision loss or perhaps complete blindness within a few years.
The majority of patients who have glaucoma exhibit no early signs or discomfort. Consult your eye doctor on a frequent basis to ensure that glaucoma is diagnosed and treated early enough to prevent permanent vision loss.
If you lose your vision, it cannot be restored. However, decreasing eye pressure might help you maintain your vision. The majority of persons with glaucoma who adhere to their treatment plan and undergo routine eye exams retain their eyesight.
Causes of Glaucoma:
The fluid inside your eye, referred to as aqueous humour, often drains out through a mesh-like tube. If this duct becomes clogged, or if the eye produces an excessive amount of fluid, the liquid accumulates. Occasionally, specialists are unsure of the reason for this obstruction. However, it is inheritable, meaning it is handed along from parents to children.
Glaucoma is caused by a variety of less common factors, including physical or chemical damage to the eye, a serious eye infection, clogged blood arteries within the eye, and inflammatory diseases. Although it is uncommon, eye surgery to cure another issue might occasionally trigger it. It often affects both eyes, but one may be affected more severely than the other.
Symptoms:
The majority of persons with open-angle glaucoma exhibit no symptoms. If symptoms do manifest, they often do so late in the course of the disease. This is why glaucoma is sometimes referred to as the "sneak thief of vision." Typically, the primary symptom is a loss of side, or peripheral, vision.
Angle-closure glaucoma symptoms typically manifest more rapidly and are more evident. Damage might occur rapidly. If you have any of the following symptoms, get medical attention immediately:
- Observation of halos surrounding lights
- Loss of vision
- Red eyes
- A hazy eye (particularly in infants)
- Stomach upset or vomiting
- Pain in eye
Diagnosis of Glaucoma:
Glaucoma testing is non-invasive and quick. Your eye doctor will examine your vision. They will expand (dilate) your pupils and check your eyes using drops.
They'll examine your optic nerve for glaucoma symptoms. They may take images in order to detect changes at your subsequent appointment. They will use a procedure called tonometry to determine your eye pressure. Additionally, they may do a visual field test to see if you have lost peripheral vision.
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